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71.
Daniella R. Mulinari Herman J.C. Voorwald Maria Odila H. Cioffi Maria Lúcia C.P. da Silva Sandra M. Luz 《Carbohydrate polymers》2009,75(2):317-321
The use of natural fibers as reinforcement for thermoplastics has generated much interest due to their low cost, possibility of environmental protection and use of locally available renewable resources. In this work the mechanical and morphological properties of high density polyethylene/pre-treated and modified residues from sugarcane bagasse cellulose composites were analyzed. Composites were produced by a thermokinetic mixer. The microstructural analyses of fracture surface from composites can be easily evaluated by microscopic techniques. Results showed that the modification of sugarcane bagasse cellulose with zirconium oxychloride was successfully accomplished and that this reinforcement material with high density polyethylene showed tensile strength higher than non-modified sugarcane bagasse cellulose. Modification in the sugarcane bagasse cellulose influenced directly in mechanical properties of the composite material. This can be observed by the fracture surface, which showed that modified cellulose sugarcane bagasse improved interfacial adhesion between fiber and matrix. 相似文献
72.
Daniel M Trindade Júlio C Silva Margareth S Navarro Iris CL Torriani Jörg Kobarg 《BMC structural biology》2009,9(1):57-12
Background
Stanniocalcins (STCs) represent small glycoprotein hormones, found in all vertebrates, which have been functionally implicated in Calcium homeostasis. However, recent data from mammalian systems indicated that they may be also involved in embryogenesis, tumorigenesis and in the context of the latter especially in angiogenesis. Human STC1 is a 247 amino acids protein with a predicted molecular mass of 27 kDa, but preliminary data suggested its di- or multimerization. The latter in conjunction with alternative splicing and/or post-translational modification gives rise to forms described as STC50 and "big STC", which molecular weights range from 56 to 135 kDa. 相似文献73.
PAULO M. BRITO FRANÇOIS J. MEUNIER GAEL CLÉMENT DIDIER GEFFARD‐KURIYAMA 《Palaeontology》2010,53(6):1281-1290
Abstract: The palaeohistological study of the calcified internal organ of Axelrodichthys araripensis Maisey, 1986, a coelacanthiform from the Lower Cretaceous of Brazil (Crato (Aptian) and Santana (Albian) formations of the Araripe Basin), shows that the walls of this organ consist of osseous blades of variable thickness separated from each other by the matrix. This indicates that, in the living individuals, the walls were reinforced by ossified plates, probably separated by conjunctive tissue. This calcified sheath present in Axelrodichthys, as well as in other fossil coelacanths, lies in ventral position relative to the gut and its single anterior opening is located under the opercle, suggesting a direct connection with the pharynx or the oesophagus. The calcified organ of Axelrodichthys, like that of other fossil coelacanths, is here regarded as an ‘ossified lung’ and compared with the ‘fatty lung’ of the extant coelacanth Latimeria. The reinforcement of the pulmonary walls by the overlying osseous blades could be interpreted as a means of adapting volumetric changes in the manner of bellows, a necessary function for ventilation in pulmonary respiration. Other functional hypotheses such as hydrostatic and/or acoustic functions are also discussed. 相似文献
74.
Giuseppe Vairo Margherita Cioffi Riccardo Cottone Gabriele Dubini Francesco Migliavacca 《Journal of biomechanics》2010,43(8):1580-1589
In this paper, starting from a consistent mathematical model, a novel computational approach is proposed for assessing some biomechanical effects on drug release from coronary drug-eluting stents (DESs), related to tissue properties, local hemodynamics and stent design. A multiscale and multidomain advection–diffusion model is formulated for describing drug dynamics in the polymeric substrate covering the stent, into the arterial wall, and in the vessel lumen. The model accounts for tissue microstructure (anisotropic drug diffusion, porosity, drug retention induced by resident proteins), macrostructure (plaque between stent and tissue), and local hemodynamics. In the case of hydrophobic taxus-based compounds, several numerical analyses have been carried out on simplified geometries by using finite element simulations, performing significant comparisons with other recent studies and highlighting general conclusions for assessing effectiveness of some modelling features as well as useful hints for optimizing drug delivery design and technology. 相似文献
75.
ERWAN QUÉMÉRÉ BRIGITTE CROUAU‐ROY CLÉMENT RABARIVOLA EDWARD E. LOUIS JR LOUNÈS CHIKHI 《Molecular ecology》2010,19(8):1606-1621
Habitat fragmentation may strongly reduce individuals’ dispersal among resource patches and hence influence population distribution and persistence. We studied the impact of landscape heterogeneity on the dispersal of the golden‐crowned sifaka (Propithecus tattersalli), an endangered social lemur species living in a restricted and highly fragmented landscape. We combined spatial analysis and population genetics methods to describe population units and identify the environmental factors which best predict the rates and patterns of genetic differentiation within and between populations. We used non‐invasive methods to genotype 230 individuals at 13 microsatellites in all the main forest fragments of its entire distribution area. Our analyses suggest that the Manankolana River and geographical distance are the primary structuring factors, while a national road crossing the region does not seem to impede gene flow. Altogether, our results are in agreement with a limited influence of forest habitat connectivity on gene flow patterns (except for North of the species’ range), suggesting that dispersal is still possible today among most forest patches for this species. Within forest patches, we find that dispersal is mainly among neighbouring social groups, hence confirming previous behavioural observations. 相似文献
76.
LAURE GAUFICHON CÉLINE MASCLAUX‐DAUBRESSE GUILLAUME TCHERKEZ MICHÈLE REISDORF‐CREN YUKIKO SAKAKIBARA TOSHIHARU HASE GILLES CLÉMENT JEAN‐CHRISTOPHE AVICE OLIVIER GRANDJEAN ANNE MARMAGNE STÉPHANIE BOUTET‐MERCEY MARIANNE AZZOPARDI FABIENNE SOULAY AKIRA SUZUKI 《Plant, cell & environment》2013,36(2):328-342
We investigated the function of ASN2, one of the three genes encoding asparagine synthetase (EC 6.3.5.4), which is the most highly expressed in vegetative leaves of Arabidopsis thaliana. Expression of ASN2 and parallel higher asparagine content in darkness suggest that leaf metabolism involves ASN2 for asparagine synthesis. In asn2‐1 knockout and asn2‐2 knockdown lines, ASN2 disruption caused a defective growth phenotype and ammonium accumulation. The asn2 mutant leaves displayed a depleted asparagine and an accumulation of alanine, GABA, pyruvate and fumarate, indicating an alanine formation from pyruvate through the GABA shunt to consume excess ammonium in the absence of asparagine synthesis. By contrast, asparagine did not contribute to photorespiratory nitrogen recycle as photosynthetic net CO2 assimilation was not significantly different between lines under both 21 and 2% O2. ASN2 was found in phloem companion cells by in situ hybridization and immunolocalization. Moreover, lack of asparagine in asn2 phloem sap and lowered 15N flux to sinks, accompanied by the delayed yellowing (senescence) of asn2 leaves, in the absence of asparagine support a specific role of asparagine in phloem loading and nitrogen reallocation. We conclude that ASN2 is essential for nitrogen assimilation, distribution and remobilization (via the phloem) within the plant. 相似文献
77.
de Bello Cioffi M Sánchez A Marchal JA Kosyakova N Liehr T Trifonov V Bertollo LA 《Genetica》2011,139(8):1065-1072
The wolf fish Hoplias malabaricus includes well differentiated sex systems (XY and X1X2Y in karyomorphs B and D, respectively), a nascent XY pair (karyomorph C) and not recognized sex chromosomes (karyomorph A).
We performed the evolutionary analysis of these sex chromosomes, using two X chromosome-specific probes derived by microdissection
from the XY and X1X2Y sex systems. A putative-sex pair in karyomorph A was identified, from which the differentiated XY system was evolved, as
well as the clearly evolutionary relationship between the nascent XY system and the origin of the multiple X1X2Y chromosomes. The lack of recognizable signals on the sex chromosomes after the reciprocal cross-FISH experiments highlighted
that they evolved independently from non-homologous autosomal pairs. It is noteworthy that these distinct pathways occur inside
the same nominal species, thus exposing the high plasticity of sex chromosome evolution in lower vertebrates. Possible mechanisms
underlying this sex determination liability are also discussed. 相似文献
78.
Manning DD Cioffi CL Usyatinsky A Fitzpatrick K Masih L Guo C Zhang Z Choo SH Sikkander MI Ryan KN Naginskaya J Hassler C Dobritsa S Wierschke JD Earley WG Butler AS Brady CA Barnes NM Cohen ML Guzzo PR 《Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters》2011,21(1):58-61
Serotonin type 3 (5-HT3) receptor partial agonists are being targeted as potential new drugs for the treatment of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). Two new chemical series bearing indazole and indole cores have exhibited nanomolar binding affinity for the h5-HT3A receptor. A range of partial agonist activities in HEK cells heterologously expressing the h5-HT3A receptor were measured for the indazole series. Excellent 5-HT3 receptor selectivity, favorable in vitro metabolic stability and CYP inhibition properties, and good oral in vivo potency in the murine von Bezold-Jarisch reflex model is exemplified thereby indicating the series to have potential utility as improved IBS agents. 相似文献
79.
U. Santos C. M. Völcker F. A. Belei M. B. Cioffi L. A. C. Bertollo S. R. Paiva J. A. Dergam 《Journal of fish biology》2009,75(9):2326-2343
The sedentary, predatory characin Hoplias malabaricus has one of the widest distributions of freshwater fishes in South America and is characterized by seven karyomorphs (A–G) that occur in sympatric and allopatric populations. Karyotypical patterns of variation in wild populations have been interpreted as evidence of multiple lineages within this nominal species, a possibility that may limit the validity of experimental data for particular karyomorphs. This study used the phylogeographic and genealogical concordance between cytogenetic (N = 49) and molecular (mitochondrial DNA) (N = 73) data on 17 samples, collected in 12 basins from south‐eastern and north‐eastern Brazil, to assess the systematic value of cytogenetic data. Cytogenetic patterns show a sex chromosome system in the 2n = 40F karyomorph. Molecular and cytogenetic data indicate a long, independent evolutionary history of karyomorphs and a coastal origin of continental populations in south‐eastern Brazil. The lack of fit with molecular clock expectations of divergence between groups is likely to be due to strong demographic fluctuations during the evolution of this species complex. The results indicate that karyotypical identification provides a reliable baseline for placing experimental studies on Hoplias spp. in a phylogenetic context. 相似文献
80.
Silvestri E Glinni D Cioffi F Moreno M Lombardi A de Lange P Senese R Ceccarelli M Salzano AM Scaloni A Lanni A Goglia F 《Molecular bioSystems》2012,8(7):1987-2000
A novel functional iodothyronine analogue, TRC150094, which has a much lower potency toward thyroid hormone receptor (α1/β1) activation than triiodothyronine, has been shown to be effective at reducing adiposity in rats simultaneously receiving a high-fat diet (HFD). Here, by combining metabolic, functional and proteomic analysis, we studied how the hepatic and skeletal muscle phenotypes might respond to TRC150094 treatment in HFD-fed overweight rats. Drug treatment increased both the liver and skeletal muscle mitochondrial oxidative capacities without altering mitochondrial efficiency. Coherently, in terms of individual respiratory in-gel activity, blue-native analysis revealed an increased activity of complex V in the liver and of complexes II and V in tibialis muscle in TCR150094-treated animals. Subsequently, the identification of differentially expressed proteins and the analysis of their interrelations gave an integrated view of the phenotypic/metabolic adaptations occurring in the liver and muscle proteomes during drug treatment. TRC150094 significantly altered the expression of several proteins involved in key liver metabolic pathways, including amino acid and nitrogen metabolism, and fructose and mannose metabolism. The canonical pathways most strongly influenced by TRC150094 in tibialis muscle included glycolysis and gluconeogenesis, amino acid, fructose and mannose metabolism, and cell signaling. The phenotypic/metabolic influence of TRC150094 on the liver and skeletal muscle of HFD-fed overweight rats suggests the potential clinical application of this iodothyronine analogue in ameliorating metabolic risk parameters altered by diet regimens. 相似文献